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electrum/contrib/android/Dockerfile
SomberNight 35ca9b4fff build: android: build and use python 3.12 on host, instead of apt 3.13 
- want to do the android build on debian 13 (stable)
- debian 13 ships python 3.13 in apt
- p4a requires Cython < 3.0
    - ref https://github.com/kivy/python-for-android/issues/2919
    - ref https://github.com/kivy/buildozer/issues/1526
    - the newest such Cython is version 0.29.37, which predates python 3.13
        - the latest python I managed to build cython 0.29.37 with is 3.12
- upstream p4a really would need some love :(
    - this is not even just an issue on our p4a fork, but still unsolved upstream
        - re rebasing our fork: https://github.com/spesmilo/electrum/issues/10331
2026-01-29 17:13:40 +00:00

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# based on https://github.com/kivy/python-for-android/blob/master/Dockerfile
FROM debian:trixie@sha256:a3b5f4f0286249a124bfe9845b3aec0f88de32ff31dd8d7e1b945f9f98d116b0
ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
ENV ANDROID_HOME="/opt/android"
# need ca-certificates before using snapshot packages
RUN apt update -qq > /dev/null && apt install -qq --yes --no-install-recommends \
ca-certificates
# pin the distro packages.
COPY contrib/android/apt.sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list
COPY contrib/android/apt.preferences /etc/apt/preferences.d/snapshot
# configure locale
RUN apt update -qq > /dev/null && apt install -qq --yes --no-install-recommends --allow-downgrades \
locales && \
locale-gen en_US.UTF-8
ENV LANG="en_US.UTF-8" \
LANGUAGE="en_US.UTF-8" \
LC_ALL="en_US.UTF-8"
RUN apt -y update -qq \
&& apt -y install -qq --no-install-recommends --allow-downgrades \
curl \
wget \
unzip \
ca-certificates \
python3 \
&& apt -y autoremove
ENV ANDROID_NDK_HOME="${ANDROID_HOME}/android-ndk"
#ENV ANDROID_NDK_VERSION="23b"
#ENV ANDROID_NDK_HASH="c6e97f9c8cfe5b7be0a9e6c15af8e7a179475b7ded23e2d1c1fa0945d6fb4382"
#ENV ANDROID_NDK_VERSION="27d"
#ENV ANDROID_NDK_HASH="601246087a682d1944e1e16dd85bc6e49560fe8b6d61255be2829178c8ed15d9"
ENV ANDROID_NDK_VERSION="23d-canary"
ENV ANDROID_NDK_HASH="6944ffc20ab018ff4ef6a403048d0a99d50a0630c3eae690c8f803c452f46f3e"
ENV ANDROID_NDK_HOME_V="${ANDROID_NDK_HOME}-r${ANDROID_NDK_VERSION}"
# get the latest version from https://developer.android.com/ndk/downloads/index.html
ENV ANDROID_NDK_ARCHIVE="android-ndk-r${ANDROID_NDK_VERSION}-linux.zip"
ENV ANDROID_NDK_DL_URL="https://dl.google.com/android/repository/${ANDROID_NDK_ARCHIVE}"
# below disabled in favor of CI build download
# download and install Android NDK
#RUN curl --location --progress-bar \
# "${ANDROID_NDK_DL_URL}" \
# --output "${ANDROID_NDK_ARCHIVE}" \
# && echo "${ANDROID_NDK_HASH} ${ANDROID_NDK_ARCHIVE}" | sha256sum -c - \
# && mkdir --parents "${ANDROID_NDK_HOME_V}" \
# && unzip -q "${ANDROID_NDK_ARCHIVE}" -d "${ANDROID_HOME}" \
# && ln -sfn "${ANDROID_NDK_HOME_V}" "${ANDROID_NDK_HOME}" \
# && rm -rf "${ANDROID_NDK_ARCHIVE}"
# temporary build using NDK from CI
ENV CI_REV="12186248"
ENV CI_NDK_FILE="android-ndk-${CI_REV}-linux-x86_64.zip"
COPY contrib/android/dl-ndk-ci.sh /tmp/
RUN /tmp/dl-ndk-ci.sh https://ci.android.com/builds/submitted/${CI_REV}/linux/latest/${CI_NDK_FILE} \
&& echo "${ANDROID_NDK_HASH} android-ndk-ci-linux-x86_64.zip" | sha256sum -c - \
&& mkdir --parents "${ANDROID_NDK_HOME_V}" \
&& unzip -q "android-ndk-ci-linux-x86_64.zip" -d "${ANDROID_HOME}" \
&& ln -sfn "${ANDROID_NDK_HOME_V}" "${ANDROID_NDK_HOME}" \
&& rm -rf "android-ndk-ci-linux-x86_64.zip"
ENV ANDROID_SDK_HOME="${ANDROID_HOME}/android-sdk"
# get the latest version from https://developer.android.com/studio/index.html
ENV ANDROID_SDK_TOOLS_VERSION="9477386"
ENV ANDROID_SDK_HASH="bd1aa17c7ef10066949c88dc6c9c8d536be27f992a1f3b5a584f9bd2ba5646a0"
ENV ANDROID_SDK_TOOLS_ARCHIVE="commandlinetools-linux-${ANDROID_SDK_TOOLS_VERSION}_latest.zip"
ENV ANDROID_SDK_TOOLS_DL_URL="https://dl.google.com/android/repository/${ANDROID_SDK_TOOLS_ARCHIVE}"
ENV ANDROID_SDK_MANAGER="${ANDROID_SDK_HOME}/cmdline-tools/bin/sdkmanager --sdk_root=${ANDROID_SDK_HOME}"
# download and install Android SDK
RUN curl --location --progress-bar \
"${ANDROID_SDK_TOOLS_DL_URL}" \
--output "${ANDROID_SDK_TOOLS_ARCHIVE}" \
&& echo "${ANDROID_SDK_HASH} ${ANDROID_SDK_TOOLS_ARCHIVE}" | sha256sum -c - \
&& mkdir --parents "${ANDROID_SDK_HOME}" \
&& unzip -q "${ANDROID_SDK_TOOLS_ARCHIVE}" -d "${ANDROID_SDK_HOME}" \
&& rm -rf "${ANDROID_SDK_TOOLS_ARCHIVE}"
# update Android SDK, install Android API, Build Tools...
RUN mkdir --parents "${ANDROID_SDK_HOME}/.android/" \
&& echo '### User Sources for Android SDK Manager' \
> "${ANDROID_SDK_HOME}/.android/repositories.cfg"
# accept Android licenses (JDK necessary!)
RUN apt -y update -qq \
&& apt -y install -qq --no-install-recommends --allow-downgrades \
openjdk-21-jdk-headless \
&& apt -y autoremove
RUN yes | ${ANDROID_SDK_MANAGER} --licenses > /dev/null
ENV ANDROID_SDK_BUILD_TOOLS_MAJOR_V="31"
ENV ANDROID_SDK_BUILD_TOOLS_VERSION="31.0.0"
# download platforms, API, build tools
RUN ${ANDROID_SDK_MANAGER} "platforms;android-${ANDROID_SDK_BUILD_TOOLS_MAJOR_V}" > /dev/null && \
${ANDROID_SDK_MANAGER} "build-tools;${ANDROID_SDK_BUILD_TOOLS_VERSION}" > /dev/null && \
${ANDROID_SDK_MANAGER} "extras;android;m2repository" > /dev/null && \
chmod +x "${ANDROID_SDK_HOME}/cmdline-tools/bin/avdmanager"
# download ANT
ENV APACHE_ANT_VERSION="1.10.13"
ENV APACHE_ANT_HASH="776be4a5704158f00ef3f23c0327546e38159389bc8f39abbfe114913f88bab1"
ENV APACHE_ANT_ARCHIVE="apache-ant-${APACHE_ANT_VERSION}-bin.tar.gz"
ENV APACHE_ANT_DL_URL="https://archive.apache.org/dist/ant/binaries/${APACHE_ANT_ARCHIVE}"
ENV APACHE_ANT_HOME="${ANDROID_HOME}/apache-ant"
ENV APACHE_ANT_HOME_V="${APACHE_ANT_HOME}-${APACHE_ANT_VERSION}"
RUN curl --location --progress-bar \
"${APACHE_ANT_DL_URL}" \
--output "${APACHE_ANT_ARCHIVE}" \
&& echo "${APACHE_ANT_HASH} ${APACHE_ANT_ARCHIVE}" | sha256sum -c - \
&& tar -xf "${APACHE_ANT_ARCHIVE}" -C "${ANDROID_HOME}" \
&& ln -sfn "${APACHE_ANT_HOME_V}" "${APACHE_ANT_HOME}" \
&& rm -rf "${APACHE_ANT_ARCHIVE}"
# install system/build dependencies
# https://github.com/kivy/buildozer/blob/master/docs/source/installation.rst#android-on-ubuntu-2004-64bit
RUN apt -y update -q \
&& apt -y install -q --no-install-recommends --allow-downgrades \
wget \
lbzip2 \
patch \
sudo \
git \
zip \
unzip \
rsync \
build-essential \
ccache \
autoconf \
autopoint \
libtool \
pkg-config \
zlib1g-dev \
libncurses-dev \
cmake \
libffi-dev \
libssl-dev \
automake \
gettext \
libltdl-dev \
&& apt -y autoremove \
&& apt -y clean
# cross compile deps for Qt6
RUN apt -y update -qq \
&& apt -y install -qq --no-install-recommends --allow-downgrades \
libopengl-dev \
libegl-dev \
dos2unix \
&& apt -y autoremove \
&& apt -y clean
# create new user to avoid using root; but with sudo access and no password for convenience.
ARG UID=1000
RUN if [ "$UID" != "0" ] ; then useradd --uid $UID --create-home --shell /bin/bash "user" ; fi
RUN usermod -append --groups sudo $(id -nu $UID || echo "user")
RUN echo "%sudo ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL" >> /etc/sudoers
RUN HOME_DIR=$(getent passwd $UID | cut -d: -f6)
ENV WORK_DIR="${HOME_DIR}/wspace" \
PATH="${HOME_DIR}/.local/bin:${PATH}"
WORKDIR ${WORK_DIR}
RUN chown --recursive ${UID} ${WORK_DIR} ${ANDROID_SDK_HOME}
RUN chown ${UID} /opt
USER ${UID}
# build cpython. FIXME we can't use the python3 from apt, as it is too new o.O
# - p4a and buildozer require cython<3 (see https://github.com/kivy/python-for-android/issues/2919)
# but the last such version, cython 0.29.37, can only be built by up to python 3.12
ENV VENV_PYTHON_VERSION="3.12.12"
ENV VENV_PY_VER_MAJOR="3.12"
ENV VENV_PYTHON_HASH="487c908ddf4097a1b9ba859f25fe46d22ccaabfb335880faac305ac62bffb79b"
RUN mkdir --parents "/opt/cpython/download" && cd "/opt/cpython/download" \
&& wget "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/${VENV_PYTHON_VERSION}/Python-${VENV_PYTHON_VERSION}.tgz" \
&& echo "${VENV_PYTHON_HASH} Python-${VENV_PYTHON_VERSION}.tgz" | sha256sum -c - \
&& tar xf "Python-${VENV_PYTHON_VERSION}.tgz" -C "/opt/cpython/download" \
&& cd "Python-${VENV_PYTHON_VERSION}" \
&& mkdir "/opt/cpython/install" \
&& ./configure \
--prefix="/opt/cpython/install" \
-q \
&& make "-j$(nproc)" -s \
&& make -s altinstall \
&& ln -s "/opt/cpython/install/bin/python${VENV_PY_VER_MAJOR}" "/opt/cpython/install/bin/python3"
RUN "/opt/cpython/install/bin/python3" -m ensurepip
# venv, VIRTUAL_ENV is used by buildozer to indicate a venv environment
ENV VIRTUAL_ENV=/opt/venv
RUN "/opt/cpython/install/bin/python3" -m venv ${VIRTUAL_ENV}
ENV PATH="${VIRTUAL_ENV}/bin:${PATH}"
COPY contrib/deterministic-build/requirements-build-base.txt /opt/deterministic-build/
COPY contrib/deterministic-build/requirements-build-android.txt /opt/deterministic-build/
RUN /opt/venv/bin/python3 -m pip install --no-build-isolation --no-dependencies \
-r /opt/deterministic-build/requirements-build-base.txt
RUN /opt/venv/bin/python3 -m pip install --no-build-isolation --no-dependencies --no-binary :all: \
-r /opt/deterministic-build/requirements-build-android.txt
# install buildozer
ENV BUILDOZER_CHECKOUT_COMMIT="4403ecf445f10b5fbf7c74f4621bf2b922ad35b5"
# ^ from branch electrum_20240930 (note: careful with force-pushing! see #8162)
RUN cd /opt \
&& git clone https://github.com/spesmilo/buildozer \
&& cd buildozer \
&& git checkout "${BUILDOZER_CHECKOUT_COMMIT}^{commit}" \
&& /opt/venv/bin/python3 -m pip install --no-build-isolation --no-dependencies -e .
# install python-for-android
ENV P4A_CHECKOUT_COMMIT="a01269f7799587ad74ee40e0b642d917b8db7d4e"
# ^ from branch electrum_20251211 (note: careful with force-pushing! see #8162)
RUN cd /opt \
&& git clone https://github.com/spesmilo/python-for-android \
&& cd python-for-android \
&& git checkout "${P4A_CHECKOUT_COMMIT}^{commit}" \
&& /opt/venv/bin/python3 -m pip install --no-build-isolation --no-dependencies -e .
# build env vars
ENV USE_SDK_WRAPPER=1
ENV GRADLE_OPTS="-Xmx1536M -Dorg.gradle.jvmargs='-Xmx1536M'"
#ENV P4A_FULL_DEBUG=1
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