electrum/run_electrum

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- mode: python -*-
#
# Electrum - lightweight Bitcoin client
# Copyright (C) 2011 thomasv@gitorious
#
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person
# obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files
# (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
# including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
# publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
# and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
# subject to the following conditions:
#
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
# included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
#
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
# EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
# MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
# NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS
# BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN
# ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN
# CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
# SOFTWARE.
import os
import sys


MIN_PYTHON_VERSION = "3.10.0"  # FIXME duplicated from setup.py
_min_python_version_tuple = tuple(map(int, (MIN_PYTHON_VERSION.split("."))))


if sys.version_info[:3] < _min_python_version_tuple:
    sys.exit("Error: Electrum requires Python version >= %s..." % MIN_PYTHON_VERSION)


import warnings
import asyncio
from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Optional, Dict


script_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
is_pyinstaller = getattr(sys, 'frozen', False)
is_android = 'ANDROID_DATA' in os.environ
is_appimage = 'APPIMAGE' in os.environ
is_binary_distributable = is_pyinstaller or is_android or is_appimage
# is_local: unpacked tar.gz but not pip installed, or git clone
is_local = (not is_binary_distributable
            and os.path.exists(os.path.join(script_dir, "electrum.desktop")))
is_git_clone = is_local and os.path.exists(os.path.join(script_dir, ".git"))

if is_git_clone:
    # developers should probably see all deprecation warnings unless explicitly overruled
    if not any(['DeprecationWarning' in x for x in sys.warnoptions]):
        warnings.simplefilter('default', DeprecationWarning)

if is_local or is_android:
    sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(script_dir, 'packages'))

if is_pyinstaller:
    # Keep an open file handle for the binary that started us. On Windows, this
    # prevents users from moving or renaming the exe file while running (doing which
    # causes ImportErrors and other runtime failures). (see #4072)
    _file = open(sys.executable, 'rb')


# when running from source, on Windows, also search for DLLs in inner 'electrum' folder
if is_local and os.name == 'nt':  # fixme: duplicated between main script and __init__.py :(
    os.add_dll_directory(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'electrum'))


def check_imports():
    # pure-python dependencies need to be imported here for pyinstaller
    try:
        import dns
        import certifi
        import qrcode
        import google.protobuf
        import aiorpcx
        import aiohttp
        import aiohttp_socks
        import electrum_ecc
        import jsonpatch
        import electrum_aionostr
    except ImportError as e:
        sys.exit(f"Error: {str(e)}. Some dependencies are missing. Have you read the README? Or just try '$ python3 -m pip install -r contrib/requirements/requirements.txt'")
    if not ((0, 25, 0) <= aiorpcx._version < (0, 26)):
        raise RuntimeError(f'aiorpcX version {aiorpcx._version} does not match required: 0.25.0<=ver<0.26')
    # the following imports are for pyinstaller
    from google.protobuf import descriptor
    from google.protobuf import message
    from google.protobuf import reflection
    from google.protobuf import descriptor_pb2
    # make sure that certificates are here
    assert os.path.exists(certifi.where())


if not is_android:
    check_imports()


sys._ELECTRUM_RUNNING_VIA_RUNELECTRUM = True  # used by logging.py

from electrum.logging import get_logger, configure_logging  # import logging submodule first
from electrum import util
from electrum.payment_identifier import PaymentIdentifier
from electrum import SimpleConfig
from electrum.wallet_db import WalletDB
from electrum.wallet import Wallet
from electrum.storage import WalletStorage
from electrum.util import print_msg, print_stderr, json_encode, json_decode, UserCancelled
from electrum.util import InvalidPassword
from electrum.plugin import Plugins
from electrum.commands import get_parser, get_simple_parser, known_commands, Commands, config_variables
from electrum import daemon
from electrum.util import create_and_start_event_loop, UserFacingException, JsonRPCError
from electrum.i18n import set_language

if TYPE_CHECKING:
    import threading

_logger = get_logger(__name__)


# get password routine
def prompt_password(prompt: str, *, confirm: bool = True) -> Optional[str]:
    import getpass
    password = getpass.getpass(prompt, stream=None)
    if password and confirm:
        password2 = getpass.getpass("Confirm: ")
        if password != password2:
            sys.exit("Error: Passwords do not match.")
    if not password:
        password = None
    return password


def init_cmdline(config_options, wallet_path, *, rpcserver: bool, config: 'SimpleConfig'):
    cmdname = config.get('cmd')
    cmd = known_commands[cmdname]

    if cmdname in ['payto', 'paytomany'] and config.get('unsigned'):
        cmd.requires_password = False

    if cmdname in ['payto', 'paytomany'] and config.get('broadcast'):
        cmd.requires_network = True

    if cmd.requires_wallet and not wallet_path:
        print_msg("wallet path not provided.")
        sys_exit(1)

    # instantiate wallet for command-line
    storage = WalletStorage(wallet_path) if wallet_path else None

    if cmd.requires_wallet and not storage.file_exists():
        print_msg("Error: Wallet file not found.")
        print_msg("Type 'electrum create' to create a new wallet, or provide a path to a wallet with the -w option")
        sys_exit(1)

    # important warning
    if cmd.name in ['getprivatekeys']:
        print_stderr("WARNING: ALL your private keys are secret.")
        print_stderr("Exposing a single private key can compromise your entire wallet!")
        print_stderr("In particular, DO NOT use 'redeem private key' services proposed by third parties.")

    # commands needing password
    if ((cmd.requires_wallet and storage.is_encrypted() and not rpcserver)
            or (cmdname == 'load_wallet' and storage.is_encrypted())
            or (cmdname in ['password', 'unlock'])
            or (cmd.requires_password and not rpcserver)):
        if storage.is_encrypted_with_hw_device():
            # this case is handled later in the control flow
            password = None
        elif config.get('password') is not None:
            password = config.get('password')
            if password == '':
                password = None
        else:
            password = prompt_password('Password:', confirm=False)
    else:
        password = None

    config_options['password'] = config_options.get('password') or password

    if cmd.name == 'password' and 'new_password' not in config_options:
        new_password = prompt_password('New password:')
        config_options['new_password'] = new_password


def get_connected_hw_devices(plugins: 'Plugins'):
    supported_plugins = plugins.get_hardware_support()
    # scan devices
    devices = []
    devmgr = plugins.device_manager
    for splugin in supported_plugins:
        name, plugin = splugin.name, splugin.plugin
        if not plugin:
            e = splugin.exception
            _logger.error(f"{name}: error during plugin init: {repr(e)}")
            continue
        try:
            u = devmgr.list_pairable_device_infos(handler=None, plugin=plugin)
        except Exception as e:
            _logger.error(f'error getting device infos for {name}: {repr(e)}')
            continue
        devices += list(map(lambda x: (name, x), u))
    return devices


def get_password_for_hw_device_encrypted_storage(plugins: 'Plugins') -> str:
    devices = get_connected_hw_devices(plugins)
    if len(devices) == 0:
        print_msg("Error: No connected hw device found. Cannot decrypt this wallet.")
        sys.exit(1)
    elif len(devices) > 1:
        print_msg("Warning: multiple hardware devices detected. "
                  "The first one will be used to decrypt the wallet.")
    # FIXME we use the "first" device, in case of multiple ones
    name, device_info = devices[0]
    devmgr = plugins.device_manager
    try:
        client = devmgr.client_by_id(device_info.device.id_)
        client.handler = client.plugin.create_handler(None)
        return client.get_password_for_storage_encryption()
    except UserCancelled:
        sys.exit(0)


async def run_offline_command(config, config_options, wallet_path, plugins: 'Plugins'):
    cmdname = config.get('cmd')
    cmd = known_commands[cmdname]
    password = config_options.get('password')
    if 'wallet_path' in cmd.options and config_options.get('wallet_path') is None:
        config_options['wallet_path'] = wallet_path
    if cmd.requires_wallet:
        storage = WalletStorage(wallet_path)
        if storage.is_encrypted():
            if storage.is_encrypted_with_hw_device():
                password = get_password_for_hw_device_encrypted_storage(plugins)
                config_options['password'] = password
            storage.decrypt(password)
        db = WalletDB(storage.read(), storage=storage, upgrade=True)
        wallet = Wallet(db, config=config)
        config_options['wallet'] = wallet
    else:
        wallet = None
    # check password
    if cmd.requires_password and wallet.has_password():
        try:
            wallet.check_password(password)
        except InvalidPassword:
            print_msg("Error: This password does not decode this wallet.")
            sys.exit(1)
    if cmd.requires_network:
        print_msg("Warning: running command offline")
    # arguments passed to function
    args = [config.get(x) for x in cmd.params]
    # decode json arguments
    if cmdname not in ('setconfig',):
        args = list(map(json_decode, args))
    # options
    kwargs = {}
    for x in cmd.options:
        kwargs[x] = (config_options.get(x) if x in ['wallet_path', 'wallet', 'password', 'new_password'] else config.get(x))
    cmd_runner = Commands(config=config)
    func = getattr(cmd_runner, cmd.name)
    result = await func(*args, **kwargs)
    # save wallet
    if wallet:
        wallet.save_db()
    return result


loop = None  # type: Optional[asyncio.AbstractEventLoop]
stop_loop = None  # type: Optional[asyncio.Future]
loop_thread = None  # type: Optional[threading.Thread]


def sys_exit(i):
    # stop event loop and exit
    if loop:
        loop.call_soon_threadsafe(stop_loop.set_result, 1)
        loop_thread.join(timeout=1)
    sys.exit(i)


def read_config(config_options: dict) -> SimpleConfig:
    """
    Reads the config file and returns SimpleConfig, on failure it will potentially
    show a GUI error dialog if a gui is available, and then re-raise the exception.
    """
    try:
        return SimpleConfig(config_options)
    except Exception as config_error:
        # parse full cmd to find out which UI is being used
        full_config_options = parse_command_line(simple_parser=False)
        if full_config_options.get("cmd") == 'gui':
            gui_name = full_config_options.get(SimpleConfig.GUI_NAME.key(), 'qt')
            try:
                gui = __import__(f'electrum.gui.{gui_name}', fromlist=['electrum'])
                gui.standalone_exception_dialog(config_error)  # type: ignore
            except Exception as e:
                print_stderr(f"Error showing standalone gui dialog: {e}")
        raise


def parse_command_line(simple_parser=False) -> Dict:
    # parse command line from sys.argv
    if simple_parser:
        parser = get_simple_parser()
        options, args = parser.parse_args()
        config_options = options.__dict__
        config_options['cmd'] = 'gui'
    else:
        parser = get_parser()
        args = parser.parse_args()
        config_options = args.__dict__
        f = lambda key: config_options[key] is not None and key not in config_variables.get(args.cmd, {}).keys()
        config_options = {key: config_options[key] for key in filter(f, config_options.keys())}
        if config_options.get(SimpleConfig.NETWORK_SERVER.key()):
            config_options[SimpleConfig.NETWORK_AUTO_CONNECT.key()] = False

    config_options['cwd'] = cwd = os.getcwd()

    # fixme: this can probably be achieved with a runtime hook (pyinstaller)
    if is_pyinstaller and os.path.exists(os.path.join(sys._MEIPASS, 'is_portable')):
        config_options['portable'] = True

    if config_options.get('portable'):
        if is_local:
            # running from git clone or local source: put datadir next to main script
            datadir = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)), 'electrum_data')
        else:
            # Running a binary or installed source. The most generic but still reasonable thing
            # is to use the current working directory. (see #7732)
            # note: The main script is often unpacked to a temporary directory from a bundled executable,
            #       and we don't want to put the datadir inside a temp dir.
            # note: Re the portable .exe on Windows, when the user double-clicks it, CWD gets set
            #       to the parent dir, i.e. we will put the datadir next to the exe.
            datadir = os.path.join(os.path.realpath(cwd), 'electrum_data')
        config_options['electrum_path'] = datadir

    if not config_options.get('verbosity'):
        warnings.simplefilter('ignore', DeprecationWarning)
    return config_options


def main():
    global loop, stop_loop, loop_thread
    # The hook will only be used in the Qt GUI right now
    util.setup_thread_excepthook()
    # on macOS, delete Process Serial Number arg generated for apps launched in Finder
    sys.argv = list(filter(lambda x: not x.startswith('-psn'), sys.argv))

    # old 'help' syntax
    if len(sys.argv) > 1 and sys.argv[1] == 'help':
        sys.argv.remove('help')
        sys.argv.append('-h')

    # old '-v' syntax
    # Due to this workaround that keeps old -v working,
    # more advanced usages of -v need to use '-v='.
    # e.g. -v=debug,network=warning,interface=error
    try:
        i = sys.argv.index('-v')
    except ValueError:
        pass
    else:
        sys.argv[i] = '-v*'

    # read arguments from stdin pipe and prompt
    for i, arg in enumerate(sys.argv):
        if arg == '-':
            if not sys.stdin.isatty():
                sys.argv[i] = sys.stdin.read()
                break
            else:
                raise Exception('Cannot get argument from stdin')
        elif arg == '?':
            sys.argv[i] = input("Enter argument:")
        elif arg == ':':
            sys.argv[i] = prompt_password('Enter argument (will not echo):', confirm=False)

    # config is an object passed to the various constructors (wallet, interface, gui)
    if is_android:
        import importlib.util
        config_options = {
            'verbosity': '*' if util.is_android_debug_apk() else '',
            'cmd': 'gui',
            SimpleConfig.GUI_NAME.key(): 'qml',
            SimpleConfig.WALLET_USE_SINGLE_PASSWORD.key(): True,
        }
        if util.get_android_package_name() == "org.electrum.testnet.electrum":
            # ~hack for easier testnet builds. pkgname subject to change.
            config_options['testnet'] = True
        elif util.get_android_package_name() == "org.electrum.regtest.electrum":
            # ~hack for easier regtest builds. pkgname subject to change.
            config_options['regtest'] = True
    else:
        # save sys args for next parser
        saved_sys_argv = sys.argv[:]
        # disable help, the next parser will display it
        for x in sys.argv:
            if x in ['-h', '--help']:
                sys.argv.remove(x)
        # parse first without plugins
        config_options = parse_command_line(simple_parser=True)
        tmp_config = read_config(config_options)
        # load (only) the commands modules of plugins so their commands are registered
        _plugin_commands = Plugins(tmp_config, cmd_only=True)
        # re-parse command line
        sys.argv = saved_sys_argv[:]
        config_options = parse_command_line()

    config = read_config(config_options)
    cmdname = config.get('cmd')

    # set language as early as possible
    # Note: we are already too late for strings that are declared in the global scope
    #       of an already imported module. However, the GUI and the plugins at least have
    #       not been imported yet. (see #4621)
    # Note: it is ok to call set_language() again later, but note that any call only applies
    #       to not-yet-evaluated strings.
    # Note: the CLI is intentionally always non-localized.
    # Note: Some unit tests might rely on the default non-localized strings.
    if cmdname == 'gui':
        gui_name = config.GUI_NAME
        lang = config.LOCALIZATION_LANGUAGE
        if not lang:
            try:
                from electrum.gui.default_lang import get_default_language
                lang = get_default_language(gui_name=gui_name)
                _logger.info(f"get_default_language: detected default as {lang=!r}")
            except ImportError as e:
                _logger.info(f"get_default_language: failed. got exc={e!r}")
        set_language(lang)

    chain = config.get_selected_chain()
    chain.set_as_network()

    # check if we received a valid payment identifier
    uri = config_options.get('url')
    if uri and not PaymentIdentifier(None, uri).is_valid():
        print_stderr('unknown command:', uri)
        sys.exit(1)

    if sys.platform == "linux" and not is_android:
        import electrum.harden_memory_linux
        electrum.harden_memory_linux.set_dumpable_safe(False)

    if cmdname == 'daemon' and config.get("detach"):
        # detect lockfile.
        # This is not as good as get_file_descriptor, but that would require the asyncio loop
        lockfile = daemon.get_lockfile(config)
        if os.path.exists(lockfile):
            print_stderr("Daemon already running (lockfile detected).")
            print_stderr("Run 'electrum stop' to stop the daemon.")
            sys.exit(1)
        # Initialise rpc credentials to random if not set yet. This would normally be done
        # later anyway, but we need to avoid the two sides of the fork setting conflicting random creds.
        daemon.get_rpc_credentials(config)  # inits creds as side-effect
        # fork before creating the asyncio event loop
        try:
            pid = os.fork()
        except AttributeError as e:
            print_stderr(f"Error: {e!r}")
            print_stderr("Running daemon in detached mode (-d) is not supported on this platform.")
            print_stderr("Try running the daemon in the foreground (without -d).")
            sys.exit(1)
        if pid:
            print_stderr("starting daemon (PID %d)" % pid)
            loop, stop_loop, loop_thread = create_and_start_event_loop()
            ready = daemon.wait_until_daemon_becomes_ready(config=config, timeout=5)
            if ready:
                sys_exit(0)
            else:
                print_stderr("timed out waiting for daemon to get ready")
                sys_exit(1)
        else:
            # redirect standard file descriptors
            sys.stdout.flush()
            sys.stderr.flush()
            si = open(os.devnull, 'r')
            so = open(os.devnull, 'w')
            se = open(os.devnull, 'w')
            os.dup2(si.fileno(), sys.stdin.fileno())
            os.dup2(so.fileno(), sys.stdout.fileno())
            os.dup2(se.fileno(), sys.stderr.fileno())

    loop, stop_loop, loop_thread = create_and_start_event_loop()

    try:
        handle_cmd(
            cmdname=cmdname,
            config=config,
            config_options=config_options,
        )
    except Exception:
        _logger.exception("")
        sys_exit(1)


def handle_cmd(*, cmdname: str, config: 'SimpleConfig', config_options: dict):
    if cmdname == 'gui':
        configure_logging(config)
        fd = daemon.get_file_descriptor(config)
        if fd is not None:
            d = daemon.Daemon(config, fd, start_network=False)
            try:
                d.run_gui()
            except BaseException as e:
                _logger.exception('daemon.run_gui errored')
                sys_exit(1)
            else:
                sys_exit(0)
        else:
            try:
                result = daemon.request(config, 'gui', (config_options,))
            except JsonRPCError as e:
                if e.code == JsonRPCError.Codes.USERFACING:
                    print_stderr(e.message)
                elif e.code == JsonRPCError.Codes.INTERNAL:
                    print_stderr("(inside daemon): " + e.data["traceback"])
                    print_stderr(e.message)
                else:
                    raise Exception(f"unknown error code {e.code}")
                sys_exit(1)

    elif cmdname == 'daemon':
        configure_logging(config)
        fd = daemon.get_file_descriptor(config)
        if fd is not None:
            # run daemon
            d = daemon.Daemon(config, fd)
            d.run_daemon()
            sys_exit(0)
        else:
            # FIXME this message is lost in detached mode (parent process already exited after forking)
            print_msg("Daemon already running")
            sys_exit(1)
    else:
        # command line
        configure_logging(config, log_to_file=False)  # don't spam logfiles for each client-side RPC, but support "-v"
        cmd = known_commands[cmdname]
        wallet_path = config.get_wallet_path()
        if cmd.requires_wallet and not wallet_path:
            print_stderr('wallet path not provided')
            sys_exit(1)
        if not config.NETWORK_OFFLINE:
            init_cmdline(config_options, wallet_path, rpcserver=True, config=config)
            timeout = config.CLI_TIMEOUT
            try:
                result = daemon.request(config, 'run_cmdline', (config_options,), timeout)
            except daemon.DaemonNotRunning:
                print_msg("Daemon not running; try 'electrum daemon -d'")
                if not cmd.requires_network:
                    print_msg("To run this command without a daemon, use --offline")
                if cmd.name == "stop":  # remove lockfile if it exists, as daemon looks dead
                    lockfile = daemon.get_lockfile(config)
                    if os.path.exists(lockfile):
                        print_msg("Found lingering lockfile for daemon. Removing.")
                        daemon.remove_lockfile(lockfile)
                sys_exit(1)
            except JsonRPCError as e:
                if e.code == JsonRPCError.Codes.USERFACING:
                    print_stderr(e.message)
                elif e.code == JsonRPCError.Codes.INTERNAL:
                    print_stderr("(inside daemon): " + e.data["traceback"])
                    print_stderr(e.message)
                else:
                    raise Exception(f"unknown error code {e.code}")
                sys_exit(1)
            except Exception as e:
                _logger.exception("error running command (with daemon)")
                sys_exit(1)
        else:
            if cmd.requires_network:
                print_msg("This command cannot be run offline")
                sys_exit(1)
            lockfile = daemon.get_lockfile(config)
            if os.path.exists(lockfile):
                print_stderr("Daemon already running (lockfile detected)")
                print_stderr("Run 'electrum stop' to stop the daemon.")
                print_stderr("Run this command without --offline to interact with the daemon")
                sys_exit(1)
            init_cmdline(config_options, wallet_path, rpcserver=False, config=config)
            plugins = Plugins(config, 'cmdline')
            coro = run_offline_command(config, config_options, wallet_path, plugins)
            fut = asyncio.run_coroutine_threadsafe(coro, loop)
            try:
                try:
                    result = fut.result()
                finally:
                    plugins.stop()
                    plugins.stopped_event.wait(1)
            except UserFacingException as e:
                print_stderr(str(e))
                sys_exit(1)
            except Exception as e:
                _logger.exception("error running command (without daemon)")
                sys_exit(1)
    # print result
    if isinstance(result, str):
        print_msg(result)
    elif result is not None:
        print_msg(json_encode(result))
    sys_exit(0)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()