diff --git a/container/src/root/macro/test.C b/container/src/root/macro/test.C
index d2dc03e..8a7f8d2 100644
--- a/container/src/root/macro/test.C
+++ b/container/src/root/macro/test.C
@@ -63,8 +63,9 @@ class Unit
   {
     static bool loaded{false};
     static const std::initializer_list<std::string> paths{
-        {"../test/unit/random.hh"},
         {"../test/unit/hash.hh"},
+        {"../test/unit/random.hh"},
+        {"../test/unit/type.hh"},
         {"../test/unit/utility.hh"}};
 
     if (!loaded)
diff --git a/container/src/root/test/common/type.hh b/container/src/root/test/common/type.hh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bc5ef9f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/container/src/root/test/common/type.hh
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+// docker-finance | modern accounting for the power-user
+//
+// Copyright (C) 2021-2024 Aaron Fiore (Founder, Evergreen Crypto LLC)
+//
+// This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+//! \file
+//! \author Aaron Fiore (Founder, Evergreen Crypto LLC)
+//! \note File intended to be loaded into ROOT.cern framework / Cling interpreter
+//! \since docker-finance 1.0.0
+
+#ifndef CONTAINER_SRC_ROOT_TEST_COMMON_TYPE_HH_
+#define CONTAINER_SRC_ROOT_TEST_COMMON_TYPE_HH_
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+#include <string_view>
+
+#include "../../src/internal/type.hh"
+
+//! \namespace docker_finance
+//! \since docker-finance 1.0.0
+namespace docker_finance
+{
+//! \namespace docker_finance::tests
+//! \brief docker-finance common test framework
+//! \ingroup cpp_tests
+//! \since docker-finance 1.0.0
+namespace tests
+{
+//! \namespace docker_finance::tests::unit
+//! \brief docker-finance unit test cases
+//! \ingroup cpp_tests
+//! \since docker-finance 1.0.0
+namespace unit
+{
+//! \brief Exception fixture (base)
+//! \since docker-finance 1.0.0
+struct Exception : public ::testing::Test
+{
+ protected:
+  std::string_view what = "better to be caught than thrown";
+  using t_type = type::Exception::kType;
+};
+}  // namespace unit
+}  // namespace tests
+}  // namespace docker_finance
+
+#endif  // CONTAINER_SRC_ROOT_TEST_COMMON_TYPE_HH_
+
+// # vim: sw=2 sts=2 si ai et
diff --git a/container/src/root/test/unit/type.hh b/container/src/root/test/unit/type.hh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..831bbae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/container/src/root/test/unit/type.hh
@@ -0,0 +1,243 @@
+// docker-finance | modern accounting for the power-user
+//
+// Copyright (C) 2021-2024 Aaron Fiore (Founder, Evergreen Crypto LLC)
+//
+// This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+//! \file
+//! \author Aaron Fiore (Founder, Evergreen Crypto LLC)
+//! \note File intended to be loaded into ROOT.cern framework / Cling interpreter
+//! \since docker-finance 1.0.0
+
+#ifndef CONTAINER_SRC_ROOT_TEST_UNIT_TYPE_HH_
+#define CONTAINER_SRC_ROOT_TEST_UNIT_TYPE_HH_
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+#include <utility>
+
+#include "../common/type.hh"
+
+//! \namespace docker_finance
+//! \since docker-finance 1.0.0
+namespace docker_finance
+{
+//! \namespace docker_finance::tests
+//! \brief docker-finance common test framework
+//! \ingroup cpp_tests
+//! \since docker-finance 1.0.0
+namespace tests
+{
+//! \namespace docker_finance::tests::unit
+//! \brief docker-finance unit test cases
+//! \ingroup cpp_tests
+//! \since docker-finance 1.0.0
+namespace unit
+{
+
+//
+// RuntimeError
+//
+
+//! \brief Exception fixture (RuntimeError)
+//! \since docker-finance 1.0.0
+struct RuntimeError : public Exception
+{
+};
+
+TEST_F(RuntimeError, macro_THROW_IF)  // cppcheck-suppress syntaxError
+{
+  try
+    {
+      THROW_IF(false, type::RuntimeError, message);
+    }
+  catch (const type::Exception& ex)
+    {
+      ASSERT_EQ(ex.type(), t_type::RuntimeError);
+      ASSERT_EQ(ex.what(), what);
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_F(RuntimeError, macro_THROW)
+{
+  try
+    {
+      THROW(type::RuntimeError, message);
+    }
+  catch (const type::Exception& ex)
+    {
+      ASSERT_EQ(ex.type(), t_type::RuntimeError);
+      // NOTE: no case for ex.what() because message is formatted within macro
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_F(RuntimeError, rethrow)
+{
+  ASSERT_THROW(
+      {
+        try
+          {
+            throw type::RuntimeError(what);
+          }
+        catch (const type::Exception& ex)
+          {
+            ASSERT_EQ(ex.type(), t_type::RuntimeError);
+            ASSERT_EQ(ex.what(), what);
+            throw;
+          }
+      },
+      type::Exception);
+}
+
+TEST_F(RuntimeError, copy_assignment)
+{
+  type::RuntimeError one(what);
+  type::RuntimeError two;
+
+  two = one;
+
+  ASSERT_EQ(one.type(), two.type());
+  ASSERT_EQ(one.what(), two.what());
+}
+
+TEST_F(RuntimeError, copy_ctor)
+{
+  type::RuntimeError one(what);
+  type::RuntimeError two(one);
+
+  ASSERT_EQ(one.type(), two.type());
+  ASSERT_EQ(one.what(), two.what());
+}
+
+TEST_F(RuntimeError, move_assignment)
+{
+  type::RuntimeError one(what);
+  type::RuntimeError two;
+
+  two = std::move(one);
+
+  ASSERT_EQ(one.type(), two.type());
+  ASSERT_EQ(one.what(), two.what());
+}
+
+TEST_F(RuntimeError, move_ctor)
+{
+  type::RuntimeError one(what);
+  type::RuntimeError two(std::move(one));
+
+  ASSERT_EQ(one.type(), two.type());
+  ASSERT_EQ(one.what(), two.what());
+}
+
+//
+// InvalidArgument
+//
+
+//! \brief Exception fixture (InvalidArgument)
+//! \since docker-finance 1.0.0
+struct InvalidArgument : public Exception
+{
+};
+
+TEST_F(InvalidArgument, macro_THROW_IF)  // cppcheck-suppress syntaxError
+{
+  try
+    {
+      THROW_IF(false, type::InvalidArgument, message);
+    }
+  catch (const type::Exception& ex)
+    {
+      ASSERT_EQ(ex.type(), t_type::InvalidArgument);
+      ASSERT_EQ(ex.what(), what);
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_F(InvalidArgument, macro_THROW)
+{
+  try
+    {
+      THROW(type::InvalidArgument, message);
+    }
+  catch (const type::Exception& ex)
+    {
+      ASSERT_EQ(ex.type(), t_type::InvalidArgument);
+      // NOTE: no case for ex.what() because message is formatted within macro
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_F(InvalidArgument, rethrow)
+{
+  ASSERT_THROW(
+      {
+        try
+          {
+            throw type::InvalidArgument(what);
+          }
+        catch (const type::Exception& ex)
+          {
+            ASSERT_EQ(ex.type(), t_type::InvalidArgument);
+            ASSERT_EQ(ex.what(), what);
+            throw;
+          }
+      },
+      type::Exception);
+}
+
+TEST_F(InvalidArgument, copy_assignment)
+{
+  type::InvalidArgument one(what);
+  type::InvalidArgument two;
+
+  two = one;
+
+  ASSERT_EQ(one.type(), two.type());
+  ASSERT_EQ(one.what(), two.what());
+}
+
+TEST_F(InvalidArgument, copy_ctor)
+{
+  type::InvalidArgument one(what);
+  type::InvalidArgument two(one);
+
+  ASSERT_EQ(one.type(), two.type());
+  ASSERT_EQ(one.what(), two.what());
+}
+
+TEST_F(InvalidArgument, move_assignment)
+{
+  type::InvalidArgument one(what);
+  type::InvalidArgument two;
+
+  two = std::move(one);
+
+  ASSERT_EQ(one.type(), two.type());
+  ASSERT_EQ(one.what(), two.what());
+}
+
+TEST_F(InvalidArgument, move_ctor)
+{
+  type::InvalidArgument one(what);
+  type::InvalidArgument two(std::move(one));
+
+  ASSERT_EQ(one.type(), two.type());
+  ASSERT_EQ(one.what(), two.what());
+}
+
+}  // namespace unit
+}  // namespace tests
+}  // namespace docker_finance
+
+#endif  // CONTAINER_SRC_ROOT_TEST_UNIT_TYPE_HH_
+
+// # vim: sw=2 sts=2 si ai et